Brief Overview of ἐπίθεσις (Strong’s G1936: epíthesis)

Introduction

Understanding Greek words in Biblical studies is essential for uncovering the depth and context of the scriptures. The word ἐπίθεσις (epíthesis), Strong’s G1936, is particularly significant as it refers to the act of “laying on” or “imposition.” This term is relevant to New Testament interpretation, especially in contexts involving the laying on of hands, which was a common practice for blessing, healing, or impartation. Additionally, it reflects ancient Greek culture’s understanding of ritual actions and physical gestures that convey spiritual or authoritative significance.

Key Information

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• The Greek Word: ἐπίθεσις (epíthesis) [eh-PEE-the-sis]
• Etymology Root Words: From ἐπί (epi, “upon”) and θέσις (thésis, “a placing” or “a setting”), meaning “a placing upon” or “an imposition.”
• Part of Speech: Noun, feminine. This word follows the third declension pattern in Greek grammar.
• The F.O.G Word Choice: Coming Soon.

Primary Meanings

• Laying on or imposition.
• The act of placing something upon, particularly in a ritual or ceremonial context.
• Imposition as in the context of hands for healing, blessing, or ordination.

Similar Words: Related Greek words include ἐπιτίθημι (epitíthēmi) [eh-pee-TEE-thay-mee], meaning “to lay upon” or “to place upon,” and ἐπιχέω (epichéō) [eh-pee-KHE-o], meaning “to pour upon” or “to sprinkle.” While ἐπιτίθημι is a verb that describes the action of laying or placing something on another object or person, ἐπίθεσις (epíthesis) is a noun referring to the actual act or event of placing or laying on. ἐπιχέω, on the other hand, involves the act of pouring a liquid, such as oil or water, which is distinct from the laying on of hands or physical contact implied by ἐπίθεσις.

Further Insights: The noun ἐπίθεσις is derived from the verb ἐπιτίθημι (epitíthēmi), which means “to lay upon” or “to put on.” The addition of θέσις (thésis), meaning “a setting” or “placing,” gives the word a more concrete sense, emphasizing the act or process of laying something upon someone or something else. This term is often associated with formal or ritualistic actions, such as the laying on of hands in religious ceremonies or blessings. In the New Testament, it frequently appears in contexts related to healing, impartation, or the ordination of leaders.
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Lexicon Insights

• BDAG: Describes ἐπίθεσις as “laying on” or “imposition,” especially in contexts where hands are laid upon someone for a specific purpose such as blessing, healing, or ordination. It emphasizes the formal or ritual aspect of the act.
• Thayers: Defines ἐπίθεσις as “a laying on, imposition,” particularly referring to the practice of laying hands on someone. It is often mentioned in contexts of spiritual practices or rites within the early Christian communities.
• Vines: Highlights that ἐπίθεσις implies “imposition” or “laying on,” used in the New Testament primarily to denote the ritual of laying on of hands for healing, blessing, or appointing to service. It underscores the ceremonial importance of the act.
• LSJ: In classical Greek literature, ἐπίθεσις is noted to mean “application” or “imposition,” often in broader contexts, such as applying a seal, a substance, or even in metaphoric senses. It also denotes a ceremonial or formal placing upon.
• Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance: Describes it as “imposition,” especially as an act of laying on, typically of hands, to confer a blessing, healing, or authority. The term is closely associated with early Christian practices and rituals.

Related Scripture References

• 1 Timothy 4:14: “Do not neglect the gift that is in you, which was given to you by prophecy with the laying on (ἐπιθέσεως) of the hands of the eldership.”
• Hebrews 6:2: “Of the doctrine of baptisms, of laying on (ἐπιθέσεως) of hands, of resurrection of the dead, and of eternal judgment.”
• Acts 8:18: “And when Simon saw that through the laying on (ἐπιθέσεως) of the apostles’ hands the Holy Spirit was given, he offered them money.”

Classical Usage

Summary of ἐπίθεσις (G1936)

The Greek word ἐπίθεσις (epíthesis) is a noun that means “laying on” or “imposition.” It holds significant importance in both Biblical and classical Greek literature, where it denotes the act of laying something upon, particularly in a ritualistic or ceremonial context. In the New Testament, it is closely associated with the laying on of hands for purposes such as healing, blessing, or ordination, highlighting its relevance to early Christian practices. Its use in classical texts further underscores its broader application in legal, medical, and ceremonial settings, reflecting the cultural significance of physical acts of imposition as a means of conveying authority, blessing, or legitimacy.

Did You Know?

In ancient Greek and Jewish culture, the practice of laying on of hands (ἐπίθεσις) was not only a religious act but also a legal and social gesture. It was used in a variety of contexts, from consecrating priests to appointing leaders and even in healing practices. This multifaceted use of ἐπίθεσις showcases its importance across different spheres of life, from religious rituals to civic duties, emphasizing the connection between physical actions and spiritual or social authority.