Brief Overview of ἐπέκεινα (Strong’s G1900: epékeina)

Introduction

Understanding Greek words is fundamental in Biblical studies because it opens the door to the rich meanings embedded in the original texts. The Greek word ἐπέκεινα (transliterated as “epékeina”) is particularly significant as it serves to denote something “beyond” or “further than.” This word is essential for interpreting passages where spatial or metaphorical distances are described, providing deeper insight into both theological concepts and cultural understanding within ancient Greek literature.

Key Information

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• Greek Word: ἐπέκεινα (epékeina) [eh-PEH-kay-nah]
• Etymology Root Words and Meanings:
• Composed of ἐπί (epi), meaning “upon” or “over,” and κεῖνα (keina), meaning “there” or “those (things).” The combined form ἐπέκεινα translates to “beyond” or “further than.”
• Part of Speech: Adverb
• Grammatical Details: Used as an adverb to express spatial or metaphorical extension, indicating a point “beyond” or “further.”
• The F.O.G Word Choice: Coming Soon.

Primary Meanings

• “Beyond”
• “Further than”
• “On the other side”
• “Outside of”

Similar Words:
The Greek word πέρα (pera) [PEH-rah] is related to ἐπέκεινα, as both convey the idea of “beyond” or “further.” However, πέρα is more commonly used in a general sense to mean “across” or “on the other side.” Another similar word is ὑπέρ (hyper) [hoo-PEHR], which means “over” or “above,” often in a more metaphorical or comparative context rather than a strictly spatial one.

Further Insights:
ἐπέκεινα, as an adverb, does not change form and remains consistent across different contexts. It is often used in philosophical, theological, and descriptive passages to provide a sense of spatial or metaphorical extension. The word is powerful in its ability to convey an idea of reaching beyond a boundary, whether physical, intellectual, or spiritual.
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Lexicon Insights

BDAG:
The BDAG lexicon defines ἐπέκεινα as an adverb meaning “beyond” or “further than.” It emphasizes the word’s usage in indicating spatial or metaphorical distances, particularly in philosophical or theological contexts.

Thayers:
Thayer’s lexicon describes ἐπέκεινα as “beyond” or “on the other side.” It is noted for its application in contexts that describe something that lies further than a known point or concept, often carrying a deeper metaphorical implication.

Vines:
Vines Expository Dictionary categorizes ἐπέκεινα as an adverb of place, highlighting its use to indicate something “beyond” a known limit or boundary. It is often used in metaphysical or philosophical discussions where reaching beyond a concept or idea is intended.

LSJ:
The Liddell-Scott-Jones (LSJ) lexicon provides a broad overview of ἐπέκεινα, noting it as an adverb meaning “beyond” or “further than.” It appears in classical Greek literature to denote both literal spatial distances and abstract philosophical ideas.

Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance:
Strong’s Concordance lists ἐπέκεινα as an adverb meaning “beyond” or “further.” It is recognized for its use in contexts where a boundary is crossed or a limit is extended, whether in physical, intellectual, or spiritual terms.

Related Scripture References

• Acts 7:43: “Yea, ye took up the tabernacle of Moloch, and the star of your god Remphan, figures which ye made to worship them: and I will carry you away beyond (ἐπέκεινα) Babylon.”

Classical Usage

Summary of ἐπέκεινα (G1900)

The Greek adverb ἐπέκεινα (epékeina) is a crucial term in understanding spatial and metaphorical extensions in both Biblical and classical Greek literature. Its primary meanings, such as “beyond” and “further than,” make it an essential tool for expressing the concept of reaching or thinking beyond a known boundary or limit. While it appears only once in the New Testament in Acts 7:43, its usage in classical Greek texts reveals its importance in philosophical, theological, and rhetorical contexts. Understanding ἐπέκεινα provides readers with a deeper appreciation of the Greek language’s ability to convey profound and abstract ideas.

Did You Know?

Did you know that the word ἐπέκεινα is often used in philosophical texts to explore metaphysical concepts? For instance, Plato and Plotinus employed it to discuss ideas that go “beyond” the physical realm, making it a key term in ancient discussions about the nature of existence and reality.