Brief Overview of ἄτιμος (G820: atimos)

1. Brief Overview:

Transliteration: atimos

Root Words: The term ἄτιμος (atimos) is derived from the prefix ἀ- (a-, meaning “not”) and τιμή (timē, meaning “honor” or “value”).

Primary Meanings:

• Dishonored or Valueless: Lacking honor or respect; considered without value or worth.
• Shameful: Associated with disgrace or dishonor, often implying a loss of status or esteem.

2. Detailed Description:

BDAG: BDAG defines ἄτιμος as “despised” or “dishonored,” with the implication of being held in low regard or having no worth in the eyes of others. It emphasizes a state of dishonor or lack of respect.

Thayer’s: Thayer’s Greek Lexicon describes ἄτιμος as “without honor,” focusing on the aspect of being dishonored or regarded as worthless.

Vines: Vines’ Expository Dictionary explains that ἄτιμος means “despised” or “without honor,” highlighting a state of low esteem or dishonor.

LSJ: The LSJ Lexicon describes ἄτιμος as “dishonored” or “unhonored,” used to depict a person or thing regarded with contempt or having no value.

Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance: Strong’s defines ἄτιμος as “despised” or “without honor,” aligning with the general meaning of lacking respect or worth.

Bible Verses:

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• 1 Corinthians 12:23 (KJV): “And those members of the body, which we think to be less honorable, upon these we bestow more abundant honor; and our uncomely parts have more abundant comeliness.”
• ἄτιμος is translated as “less honorable,” referring to parts of the body that are regarded as having less honor.
• Hebrews 11:36 (KJV): “And others had trial of cruel mockings and scourgings, yea, moreover of bonds and imprisonment.”
• ἄτιμος is implied in the sense of enduring dishonor or disgrace.

3. Classic Greek Literature:

Usage in Classic Greek Literature:

• Aristotle: In works such as Nicomachean Ethics, ἄτιμος is used to describe individuals who are regarded with contempt or dishonor due to their actions or status.
• Plato: In dialogues like The Republic, ἄτιμος appears in discussions about social status and honor, depicting those considered unworthy or without value.
• Euripides: In tragedies such as Hecuba, the term is employed to convey the disgrace and dishonor experienced by characters.

4. Summary:

ἄτιμος (atimos) is a Greek term meaning “despised” or “without honor,” reflecting a state of being held in low regard or considered worthless. In biblical texts, it often describes individuals or things that are dishonored or lack respect. Classic Greek literature uses ἄτιμος to portray themes of disgrace and low esteem in social and ethical contexts. Understanding ἄτιμος helps in grasping the concepts of honor, respect, and social standing in both ancient Greek and biblical scenarios.