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Meaning and Usage:
- General Definition: The Greek verb ἀπελπίζω (apelpizō) means “to lose hope” or “to be without hope.” It is used to describe a state of despair or hopelessness.
- Contextual Application: The term is often applied in contexts where there is a sense of abandonment or a lack of expectation for a positive outcome. It reflects a complete loss of confidence in future prospects.
Detailed Overview with Additional Concordances
Etymology and Lexicon References:
- Strong’s Concordance (G560): Strong’s defines ἀπελπίζω (apelpizō) as “to lose hope” and translates it as “to despair” or “to be without hope.” This definition captures the essence of the term in the New Testament.
- Thayer’s Greek Lexicon: Thayer’s adds that ἀπελπίζω implies a complete loss of hope. It describes a state where individuals feel despondent or without any expectation of improvement.
- BDAG (Bauer-Danker-Arndt-Gingrich): BDAG provides a detailed entry for ἀπελπίζω, noting that it denotes a condition of despair or hopelessness. BDAG emphasizes its use in contexts where hope is entirely extinguished.
- LSJ (Liddell-Scott-Jones): The LSJ Greek-English Lexicon similarly defines ἀπελπίζω as “to lose hope” and notes its use in literature to describe a state of being without hope. The lexicon confirms its application in both classical and New Testament Greek.
Biblical Context:
- Usage in Scripture: ἀπελπίζω appears in the New Testament, notably in contexts where individuals or groups are experiencing significant distress or where their situation seems hopeless. For example, in 2 Corinthians 1:8, Paul uses the term to describe severe afflictions that led him to a state of despair, feeling that they had “despaired even of life.”
In summary, ἀπελπίζω (G560) is a Greek term that conveys the idea of losing hope or being in a state of despair. Its usage in biblical texts reflects situations of deep distress and hopelessness, and its meaning is consistently supported by major Greek lexicons.
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