Brief Overview of δεῦρο (G1204: deûro)

Deûro (pronounced DYOO-ro) is a Greek adverb that translates to “come here” or “hither.” The word is an imperative form used to direct someone to approach or move towards the speaker. It is often employed in biblical texts when someone is called or summoned. The root of δεῦρο is related to the verb ἔρχομαι (érchomai), which means “to come” or “to go,” emphasizing movement toward the speaker.

Root Word and Part of Speech:

• Root Word: Related to ἔρχομαι (érchomai), meaning “to come.”
• Part of Speech: Adverb.

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Primary Meanings:

• Come Here: The primary meaning of δεῦρο is “come here,” a command or invitation for someone to approach or move toward the speaker.
• Hither: In older translations, δεῦρο is rendered as “hither,” carrying the same meaning of directing someone to move toward the speaker.

Scripture References

1. Matthew 19:21: “Jesus said to him, ‘If you would be perfect, go, sell what you possess and give to the poor, and you will have treasure in heaven; and come, follow me (δεῦρο).'”
2. John 11:43: “When he had said these things, he cried out with a loud voice, ‘Lazarus, come out (δεῦρο).'”
3. Revelation 17:1: “Then one of the seven angels who had the seven bowls came and said to me, ‘Come, I will show you the judgment of the great prostitute who is seated on many waters (δεῦρο).'”

Detailed Description

BDAG (A Greek-English Lexicon of the New Testament and Other Early Christian Literature) defines δεῦρο as an adverb used to direct someone to move toward the speaker, often in the sense of “come here” or “hither.” BDAG highlights that δεῦρο is primarily used in imperative contexts, where the speaker is commanding or inviting someone to approach. The lexicon also notes the word’s frequent use in dialogues where one person is summoning another to come closer or to follow.

Thayer’s Greek Lexicon offers a similar definition, describing δεῦρο as an imperative adverb used to summon someone. Thayer’s emphasizes the word’s usage in the New Testament, particularly in the Gospels, where Jesus often uses δεῦρο to call his disciples or to summon individuals for healing or teaching. The lexicon notes that δεῦρο carries a sense of urgency and immediacy, often used in contexts where prompt action is required.

Vine’s Expository Dictionary also supports this understanding, noting that δεῦρο is primarily used to command or invite someone to approach. Vine’s highlights the word’s usage in key New Testament passages, particularly in the context of Jesus’ ministry, where δεῦρο is used to summon followers, issue calls to action, or command attention.

Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance provides a straightforward definition of δεῦρο as “come here” or “hither.” The concordance emphasizes the use of the term in imperative contexts, where someone is being called to move toward the speaker. Strong’s highlights the frequent occurrence of δεῦρο in the New Testament, particularly in the Gospels and Revelation.

Usage in Classical Greek Literature

1. Homer’s “Odyssey”: In the Odyssey, the imperative form δεῦρο is used by characters to summon others, particularly in moments of urgency or when immediate action is required. The term conveys a sense of command and authority in these contexts.
2. Sophocles’ “Antigone”: In this tragedy, δεῦρο is used by characters to call others to approach, often in the context of delivering important messages or issuing commands. The word underscores the authoritative tone of the speaker.
3. Aristophanes’ “Lysistrata”: In this comedic play, δεῦρο is used humorously to summon characters, often in situations where the speaker is attempting to assert control or command attention. The term is employed to emphasize the speaker’s intent to direct others’ actions.

Summary

Deûro (G1204) is a Greek adverb meaning “come here” or “hither,” derived from the root ἔρχομαι (érchomai), which means “to come.” The term is used in the New Testament as an imperative command or invitation, particularly when someone is being summoned to approach or follow the speaker. Deûro is frequently used in the Gospels, where Jesus employs the term to call his disciples or summon individuals for healing or teaching. The word is also prevalent in classical Greek literature, where it is used to command or invite others to move toward the speaker, often in contexts of urgency or authority. Deûro provides a clear and authoritative way to direct someone’s movement, both in the New Testament and in ancient Greek culture, emphasizing the power of the spoken word to command action.